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Election calendar and linked election pages for contests tracked in 2023.
The 14th National People's Congress in March 2023 formally elected Xi Jinping to a third presidential term and installed Li Qiang as premier. Confirmed the leadership lineup set by the 20th Party Congress.
Argentine presidential election held October–November 2023. Libertarian outsider Javier Milei defeated Sergio Massa in a surprise runoff result.
Bulgarian parliamentary election held April 2023 — the fifth election in two years. The reformist PP-DB and GERB remained the two largest forces in an ongoing political deadlock.
Cambodian general election held July 2023. The ruling CPP won all 125 seats after the main opposition Candlelight Party was barred from participating, extending one-party rule.
Cypriot presidential election held February 2023. Nikos Christodoulides, an independent backed by AKEL and DISY, won the second round, succeeding Nicos Anastasiades.
Ecuadorian snap election held August 2023 following President Lasso's resignation amid a constitutional crisis. Daniel Noboa, 35, won a surprise victory.
Egyptian presidential election held December 2023. Sisi won a third term with 89.6% of the vote against token opposition in a tightly controlled electoral environment.
Estonian Riigikogu election held March 2023. Prime Minister Kaja Kallas's Reform Party won a historic first-place result, forming a renewed three-party pro-Western coalition.
Finnish parliamentary election held April 2023. The National Coalition Party under Petteri Orpo narrowly won, forming a right-wing coalition with the Finns Party.
Greek parliamentary elections held May and June 2023. New Democracy won a landslide majority in the second round, confirming Mitsotakis for a second term.
Guatemalan presidential election held June–August 2023. Anti-corruption candidate Bernardo Arévalo won a surprise runoff victory amid judicial attempts to disqualify his candidacy.
Maldivian presidential election held September 2023. Mohamed Muizzu of the PPM won the runoff, campaigning on an India Out platform and pledging to remove Indian military personnel.
Dutch general election held November 2023. Geert Wilders' PVV won a plurality and Dick Schoof later became prime minister.
New Zealand general election held October 2023. National Party leader Christopher Luxon led a centre-right coalition to victory, ending six years of Labour government.
Nigerian presidential election held February 2023. Bola Tinubu of the APC won a three-way race against Atiku Abubakar and Peter Obi in a disputed result.
Paraguayan presidential election held April 2023. Santiago Peña of the long-ruling Colorado Party won with a comfortable majority, continuing the party's unbroken grip on power.
Polish parliamentary election held October 2023. A record 74% turnout handed victory to the opposition coalition led by Donald Tusk, ending PiS rule.
Serbian parliamentary election held December 2023. Aleksandar Vucic's SNS won amid opposition allegations of widespread electoral fraud, triggering major street protests.
Slovak parliamentary election held September 2023. Robert Fico's left-nationalist Smer party returned to power, defeating the liberal Progressive Slovakia in a close race.
Spanish general election held July 2023. Pedro Sanchez remained prime minister after coalition negotiations.
Swiss federal parliamentary election held October 2023. The right-wing SVP made large gains while the Greens lost ground, shifting the Federal Council composition rightward.
Thai general election held May 2023. The progressive Move Forward party won the most seats but was blocked from forming a government; Pheu Thai's Srettha Thavisin became PM.
Turkish Grand National Assembly election held May 2023 concurrently with the presidential vote. AKP-led alliance retained a parliamentary majority.
Turkish presidential election held May 2023. Erdogan narrowly defeated challenger Kemal Kilicdaroglu in a runoff, extending his two-decade grip on power.
Zimbabwean general election held August 2023. President Emmerson Mnangagwa and ZANU-PF claimed a landslide victory in a poll critics and opposition groups denounced as rigged.
