We use essential storage to run PoliticaHub. Under EU and Swedish rules, analytics and advertising stay off unless you actively allow them. Advertising consent is also required before any personalized Google ads can load. Privacy Policy.
PoliticaHub is the global political knowledge graph for countries, governments, elections, politicians, parties, and power structures.
Explore who leads each country, how governments work, and how political systems connect across the world.
Database scale
Leaders who defined modern political history — sourced, structured, and readable.
Free weekly digest built from election calendars, officeholder changes, and the strongest pages in PoliticaHub.
Structured weekly digest. No more than one email per week. Manage topics or unsubscribe after confirmation.
Government structure, current leaders, parties, and institutions — every state mapped.
Not just who's in charge — but how they got there, how they can be removed, and what rules govern the process.
The government survives only if it maintains parliament's confidence. How formation, coalitions, and dissolution work.
Explore →SystemA directly-elected executive with fixed terms. Separation of powers, vetoes, and checks on executive authority.
Explore →SystemA directly-elected president coexists with a prime minister accountable to parliament. France, Russia, and Ukraine are examples.
Explore →ProcessIn proportional democracies, no party wins outright. Build your own coalition, count the seats, and see whether your government would survive.
349 seats · 2022
No party has ever won a Riksdag majority. The Sweden Democrats broke the traditional two-bloc system.
630 seats · 2025
The AfD's rise as the second-largest party broke Germany's post-war firewall — forcing a CDU/CSU + SPD Grand Coalition despite deep mutual reservations.
The moments that rewrote constitutions, ended regimes, and defined the world's current political map.
Look up
Every state — government type, leaders, parties, institutions, and elections.
196 countries →Look up
Find any politician — office, party, elections, and connections in the political system.
683 politicians →Look up
Step-by-step explainers for elections, government formation, and constitutional events.
38 scenarios →india
North Sentinel Island is sovereign Indian territory in the Bay of Bengal, home to the Sentinelese — one of the last uncontacted peoples on Earth. India's governance approach is deliberately paradoxical: it asserts full legal sovereignty while enforcing a strict no-contact policy and allowing the Sentinelese to govern themselves entirely. The island is a case study in the outer limits of state power, the politics of deliberate non-governance, and the gap between legal and effective sovereignty.
Legal status: sovereign territory, unadministered
North Sentinel Island is part of India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union Territory. It lies approximately 50 kilometres west of South Andaman Island in the Bay of Bengal, covering around 60 km². Under Indian constitutional law, the island is fully sovereign Indian territory — it appears on Indian maps, falls under the jurisdiction of the Andaman and Nicobar Administration, and is subject to Indian legislation. There is no territorial dispute. What makes North Sentinel unusual is not the status of sovereignty but the complete absence of normal administration. India legally owns the island but makes no attempt to govern it in any conventional sense.
The Andamanese Tribal Protection Regulation and the exclusion zone
The primary legal instrument is the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation, 1956 (Regulation 1 of 1956). This regulation designates the Sentinelese — alongside four other Andamanese tribal groups — as a protected population and prohibits entry into their territory without explicit written government permission. In practice this regulation effectively criminalises contact with the Sentinelese by default. Indian authorities enforce a 5-nautical-mile coastal exclusion zone around North Sentinel Island, patrolled by the Indian Coast Guard. Entry without permission is an offence under Indian law. This legal architecture transforms the default of governance from administrative presence to enforced absence.
Constitutional change, elections, wars, and democratic transitions across time.
Step-by-step guides to elections, government formation, and constitutional processes.
High-stakes geopolitical models — Taiwan, NATO-Russia, U.S.-China, and more.
3 models →
Side-by-side political system comparisons and governance models.
52 comparisons →
Plain-English definitions for political systems, institutions, and constitutional terms.
Study collections, flashcards, and quizzes for students and educators.
PoliticaHub is the global political knowledge graph for countries, governments, elections, politicians, parties, and power structures. It is designed for students, researchers, and anyone who needs factual political context rather than news commentary.
PoliticaHub covers 195 countries with data on government structure, current leaders, and political systems. It includes profiles on over 14,000 politicians, 12,000+ parties, 200+ elections, and 300+ political offices worldwide.
PoliticaHub follows an editorial policy that prioritises structured, verifiable facts from official government sources, Wikidata, and national election commissions. Each entity page shows a last-updated timestamp and a data-completeness score. It is designed as a structural reference, not a primary source.
Use the Compare section to see side-by-side comparisons of political systems, government types, and democratic institutions. The Scenarios section provides step-by-step explainers of constitutional processes such as elections, government formation, and votes of no confidence.
Weekly political intelligence.
Elections, political shifts, and system changes around the world — free, weekly, no noise.
Federal parliamentary republic
Berlin
When no party wins outright — how governing alliances are negotiated and what portfolios each partner controls.
+6 more steps
PoliticaHub's dataset is updated through a structured pipeline as new elections occur and leadership changes are recorded. The editorial policy prioritises accuracy over speed — data is verified before publication.